Computational models

1. Support of three models of human behavior during evacuation:
   • Model developed on the basis of Polish Technical Conditions and European standards
   • Model that uses the active interaction of people during evacuation
   • Model determined on the basis of real research, real attempts of evacuation of people from buildings
2. The calculation model according to the Polish Technical Conditions It involves estimating the path to the evacuation exit and determining the time of passage through the door depending on their width determined by regulations and standards.
3. Model is using the active interaction of people to each other during evacuation The second model uses the method of seeking an exit and avoiding obstacles, imitating human behavior in this way. It uses all available space for evacuation and calculates the shortest possible interactive escape route.
4. The model determined on the basis of real research during real attempts of evacuation of people from buildings - Thanks to the support of the European Union and the Gdańsk University of Technology and the possibilities of the technology of Indoor Navi location system we are carrying out a series of attempts to evaluate the escape routes of real people during evacuation from various buildings. On the basis of the conducted tests, we are conducting an analysis of human behavior and developing a specific algorithm which allows predicting the human behavior during the evacuation.

CEM software

The software is based on the following elements:

1. All details in building geometry are included and revealing to the movement of people
2. In a calculative escape route, the individual movements of each person are simulated from the starting point to the exit point.
3. Each person is characterized by its individual characteristics:
   • speed of movement
   • body dimensions
   • spatial demand resulting from body dimensions
4. In addition to spatial conditions, the possibility of movement in the presence of other people and the resulting need to adjust the way of moving are also determined:
   • await
   • overtaking
   • avoidance
   • wyprzedzanie

Personal models

During the modeling of the virtual personal model, individual characteristics of a representative group of people will be taken into account.

These features include in particular:

• The need for space for a given person (shoulder / chest width)
• Maximum speed of undisturbed movement
• Age group and gender, physicals
• The delay time of the reaction after the alarm signal until the start of the escape

1. The need for space for one person The person is characterized by the width of the arms and the width of the chest.
2. Movement speed The value of the speed movement results from the average speed of movement while moving freely about the obstacles. Tthe average of an adult, it is 1 m/s up to 1.4 m/s and in the case of children, the elderly, the disabled persons, is burdened with a corresponding reduction. Speed ​​changes also result from moving up to the stairs, narrow passages and, in particular, collisions with other people.
3. Age group and gender - population parameters are predicted:
   • Sex
   • Age
   • Limitations in physical fitness
4.  Alarm signal - people's reactions to alarm signal is calculated.